"Roleplay tabletop game" The copyright protection path of the game industry- Zhiheng Law Firm

The term "role-play tabletop game" originated from the Western banquet live role-playing "murder mystery", which is a real-life role-playing game. The whole process is based on the script and is guided by the host (DM). Players solve the motive and modus operandi of the murderer through multiple rounds of evidence search, discussion, and reasoning. Finally, they vote to determine who is the real murderer, and the host announces the truth.

Role play tabletop game is not just a game, but an entertainment project that integrates knowledge attributes, psychological game attributes, and strong social attributes. The "role play tabletop game" game industry is developing rapidly and is becoming an important way for young people to socialize and entertain. In 2022, it is expected that the market size of "role play tabletop game" in our country will reach 23.

90billion yuan.

However, with the vigorous development of the industry, it is inevitable to bring intense market competition, script content issues, industry supervision issues, and intellectual property protection issues will become prominent. At the two sessions that just ended this year, representatives of the two sessions focused on role-playing tabletop games in terms of copyright, management, and protection of minors. Many suggestions were made, and copyright issues were particularly concerned.

For example, Sun Baolin, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, director of the China Copyright Protection Center, and party secretary, suggested starting with copyright to guide the healthy development of the immersive cultural experience business of "role play tabletop game". Bie Biliang, a deputy to the National People's Congress and deputy editor-in-chief of Chongqing Publishing Group, suggested that "role play tabletop game" copyright protection implementation rules should be issued in a timely manner, and effective ways to store "role play tabletop game" certificates and monitor rights protection should be explored.

Therefore, the relevant industry experts, scholars, legal workers should join hands to explore the industry involved in intellectual property protection methods.

directory

First, the characterization of the script of "role play tabletop game" in the copyright law

Common acts of copyright infringement in the "role playing tabletop game" industry

IV. The protection path of copyright in the "role playing tabletop game" industry

Looking back at history, it can be found that piracy is the biggest stumbling block to the development of the entertainment industry, and cracking down on piracy is the proper meaning of the copyright system. "Role play tabletop game", as a copyright-intensive emerging entertainment industry, relies heavily on copyright protection and needs the copyright system to escort it.

Types of works in the copyright law of the "role play tabletop game" script

How to determine the type of works claiming copyright, that is, to determine the basis of rights, is the primary issue in the trial of copyright infringement disputes.

1. Screenplay characterization of "role play tabletop game"

Whether a work can be protected by the Copyright Law depends on whether it meets the conditions stipulated in the Copyright Law. The works mentioned in the Copyright Law of our country refer to the intellectual achievements that are original and can be expressed in certain forms in the fields of literature, art and science [1], including written works, fine arts, photographic works, etc.

It can be seen that originality is the essential condition for the protection of a work. That is, the work is independently conceived, not or basically not a copy, plagiarism, plagiarism or imitation of an existing work [2].

The script is the core of the "role play tabletop game" game, and its content is richer, generally including a complete story background, character introduction, gameplay instructions, character single story, evidence content, etc., and describes the image characteristics of the story characters, inner activities, dialogue, scenes, atmosphere and narrative text showing the story line, similar to film and television scripts or short reviews.

For example, if the script of the role-play tabletop game contains original words, rhetorical devices, detailed descriptions, plot designs, etc., the specific expression of the creator's thoughts meets the minimum requirements of the Copyright Law for the originality of the work and is not a copy, plagiarism, plagiarism or imitation of existing works, it belongs to the written works stipulated in Article 3 of the Copyright Law [3] and is protected by the Copyright Law.

2. Other works or rights in the "role play tabletop game"

In addition to the aforementioned screenplays being written works, the "role play tabletop game" game or its screenplays may also involve other works or rights protected by copyright law, such as original supporting illustrations, scene maps, character portraits, and evidence-searching cards in the screenplay, which may constitute works of art. If a store uses relevant works of art as wallpaper, screens and other decorations in the store, it may constitute copyright infringement of the works of art; DM (host) and NPC characters who lead players to play the game enjoy the rights of performers for their performances during the game; on-demand activities that provide "role play tabletop game" business activities belong to the right of information network dissemination The scope of protection.

[1] Wu Handong: Intellectual Property Law (5th Edition), Law Press, 2014-02, p. 48.

[2] Same as above

[3] Written works refer to novels, poems, essays, essays, and other works expressed in written form.

Common acts of copyright infringement in the "role playing tabletop game" industry

Copyright infringement refers to the act of using copyrighted works without the permission of the copyright owner and without legal basis, or exercising copyright by other people's illegal means [1].

"Role play tabletop game" as a text work is prone to piracy, coupled with the low technical threshold for infringement, and the simple form and channel of piracy, resulting in rampant piracy in this industry. According to the data of the 12426 Copyright Monitoring Center, more than 60 "role play tabletop game" scripts, including "She Li", "Qianqiu Fu" and "Dashan", have detected a total of 5,418 suspected pirated sales links on Taobao, Pinduoduo and Xianyu seven mainstream e-commerce platforms, of which 2,442 suspected pirated sales links have been detected for TOP10 scripts, accounting for 45.1%. The piracy problem has seriously threatened the healthy and orderly development of the "role play tabletop game" industry [2].

There are basically two business models in the "role play tabletop game" industry, one is the offline "role play tabletop game" store; the other is the online "role play tabletop game" APP and "role play tabletop game" Mini Program. The offline "role play tabletop game" is composed of four parts. The first is the author, who is responsible for the script creation; the second is the distribution, which is responsible for the printing, art, packaging of the script and sells the author's book through its own channels; the third is the operator of the offline "role play tabletop game" game, that is, the buyer and user of the script; and the fourth is the player, who pays for the "role play tabletop game" game experience at the store.

In line with the business model of the "role play tabletop game" industry, there are three main types of copyright infringement in the "role play tabletop game" industry.

[1] Wu Handong: Intellectual Property Law (5th Edition), Law Press, 2014-02, p. 129.

[2] Zhu Lina: "The market size exceeds 10 billion, where is the legal boundary of copyright protection for" role play tabletop games ", in the official account of China Press, Publication, Radio and Television News.

① Script author infringement

Script author infringement mainly involves three situations, one is to use other people's works as script materials without permission, for example, the author uses the character illustrations created by others as script characters without permission. The second is plagiarism. It includes direct plagiarism of scripts, as well as direct plagiarism of film and television works, anime, novels, games, etc.

The third is adaptation. It includes adaptation between scripts, as well as adaptation of film and television works, anime, novels, games, etc. Such as "Celebration of Yuannian", "Big Fish and Begonia", "Journey to the West" and other film and television works are adapted into "role play tabletop game" scripts. Adaptation using other people's works requires the authorization of the original copyright owner.

If the script is not authorized by the rights holder of other works, the adaptation constitutes infringement. The phenomenon of "melting stems" and "copying stems" in the "role play tabletop game" industry is also relatively prominent. The core and soul of the "role play tabletop game" script lies in the innovation of modus operandi and ideology, that is, tampering with, adding or deleting the original script, and quietly copying the modus operandi and original plot of other people's scripts.

For example, some authors found that scripts with similar designs to their own scripts appeared on the market after their submissions were returned. For example, some people disguised as "players" and wrote down the script content of each character in the script test to recreate, stealing the content of other people's scripts. For example, there are several plot concepts in the role-play tabletop game "Seven Secret Rooms" that are completely copied from the plot of the famous Japanese TV cartoon "Detective Conan" [1].

[1] Zuo Huayi: "How many legal risks are hidden behind the" role play tabletop game "that has swept the country?"

② Script seller infringement

Stealing script content or samples for copying and distribution sales or storing them on the Internet, such as the "role play tabletop game" APP and Mini Program for users to pay to download and use, is the most common way of piracy, infringing on the right of reproduction and distribution of the script owner and the right of information network dissemination. Due to the "one-time use" feature of the script, many stores often choose to buy pirated scripts directly in order to save costs.

As mentioned above, in Taobao, Pinduoduo, Xianyu and other seven mainstream e-commerce platforms, suspected pirated sales links accounted for a very high proportion, and piracy has seriously threatened the healthy and orderly development of the "role play tabletop game" industry. It can be seen that the sale of pirated "role play tabletop games" is the most common and serious case of copyright infringement.

Piracy is rampant, causing businesses who buy genuine scripts to suffer huge losses, and there is no longer any incentive to support genuine scripts. As a result, genuine writers also lose the incentive to create, causing the script market to fall into a vicious circle.

③ "Role play tabletop game" game operator infringement

Infringements by operators of "role play tabletop games" are mainly manifested in the infringement of art works such as purchasing pirated scripts, downloading and printing pirated scripts online, and using illustrations in scripts.

When it comes to the infringement of "role-play tabletop game" game operators, insiders know that the famous scholar Wang Qian has made a detailed and authoritative analysis of whether the use of pirated scripts by "role-play tabletop game" game operators in operating "role-play tabletop game" constitutes infringement in the article "Qualitative Issues of Businesses Using Pirated Scripts in Operating" role-play tabletop game ". Professor Wang Qian pointed out that under the existing Copyright Law, the act of" role-play tabletop game "game operators purchasing physical pirated scripts and providing them to consumers for gaming is due to the fact that operators provide scripts to consumers and consumers use scripts Failure to fall within the scope of copyright exclusive rights does not constitute copyright infringement.

However, such as the purchase of pirated physical scripts or electronic scripts for copying or printing by "role play tabletop game" game operators, it is a reproduction of the scripts and constitutes an infringement of the reproduction right in the copyright. Professor Zhang Weijun of Tongji University Law School further pointed out in the article "Characterization of the Act of Providing Pirated Scripts to Players by Operators of" Role Play Tabletop Game "that if the operator purchases the electronic copy from the pirate and does not print the paper physical copy, but downloads the electronic copy and stores it on the electronic medium (such as IPad and other portable devices) and provides it to the player, in this case, the downloading behavior also constitutes a copying behavior, and the script forms a permanent copy on the electronic medium, so the operator also infringes the right of reproduction [2].

[1] The article "Qualitative Issues in the Use of Piracy by Merchants in Operating" Role Play Tabletop Games "is published in China Copyright Magazine, No. 5, 2021, p. 27.

[2] Huang Weijun: "The behavioral characterization of the operators of" role-play tabletop games "providing pirated scripts to players" in "China Press, Publication, Radio, Television News" (December 02, 2021)

In addition to the above three common types of infringement, there is actually a special kind of infringement that is closely related to the characteristics of "role play tabletop games". That is, after some players have experienced a script, they will review the content of the script to form a cheats guide and publish it online. This is also an act of making the content of the script public. If it is improper, it is very easy to constitute copyright infringement.

Copyright ownership of the script of "role playing tabletop game"

① Acquisition of copyright

Article 2 of our country's Copyright Law stipulates: "Works of Chinese citizens, legal persons or unincorporated organizations, whether published or not, enjoy copyright in accordance with this Law." It can be seen that our country adopts the principle of automatic acquisition of copyright.

According to the provisions of Article 11, Paragraph 1, Paragraph 2 of the Copyright Law of our country, under normal circumstances, the author becomes the copyright owner of the work after the creation is completed, and is the most direct and basic copyright owner, enjoying the original copyright and complete copyright. Other natural persons, legal persons or organizations other than the author may obtain the original copyright to become the copyright owner by organizing natural persons to create works, and may also obtain the copyright through transfer, inheritance or gift.

The operators, platforms and investors of the game "role play tabletop game" can obtain the copyright of the script in the following ways.

1. Direct acquisition

The third paragraph of Article 11 of the Copyright Law stipulates the conditions for "being regarded as the author". If a legal person or an unincorporated organization meets the conditions stipulated in this paragraph, it can be regarded as the author and directly enjoy the copyright of the work, commonly known as the legal person work. A legal person or unincorporated organization regarded as the author is the same as the natural person author as the original copyright owner and enjoys complete copyright. According to this regulation, a legal person work must meet three conditions at the same time, none of which are indispensable:

(1) The work must be presided over by a legal person or an unincorporated organization. All aspects of the creation proposal, intention, personnel, schedule arrangement, provision of material and technical conditions, creation process, and completion are presided over by the legal person, rather than proposing tasks and arranging work;

(2) The work must represent the will of a legal person or an unincorporated organization. The creative ideas and expression methods must represent the will of a legal person. If an individual freely exerts creativity under the requirements of the unit, and the structural arrangement, plot handling, material selection, and ideological expression of the work are determined by the individual's will, it cannot be regarded as the will of a legal person.

(3) The liability arising from the work shall be borne by the legal person or unincorporated organization.

2. Transfer acquisition

Operators, platforms, and investors of "role play tabletop game" games can sign a copyright transfer agreement with the author of the script to obtain the copyright of the script, but it should be noted that the types of copyrights that can be transferred are limited to the property rights of the work. Personal rights such as publishing rights, authorship rights, modification rights, and protection of the integrity of the work cannot be transferred because they are closely related to the author's personality.

3. Obtaining permission

Operators, platforms, and investors of "role play tabletop game" games can also sign a copyright license contract with the script author to obtain the right to use the copyright property rights. The types of licensed use are divided into three types: exclusive license use, exclusive license use, and ordinary license use. Exclusive license use means that the right holder licenses the right to only one licensee to use the right during the agreed period, region, and in the agreed manner, and the right holder shall not use the right according to the agreement.

Exclusive license means that the right holder licenses the right to use only one licensee during the agreed period, territory and in the agreed manner, and the right holder can use the right according to the agreement but may not otherwise license others to use the right. Ordinary license means that the right holder licenses others to use its rights during the agreed period, territory and in the agreed manner, and can use the right and license others to use its rights on its own.

Therefore, when signing a license contract, it is necessary to clarify the type of license to use. At present, the scripts in the "role play tabletop game" industry are generally divided into three categories according to the purchase authority, namely boxed copies, city-limited copies, and copies. This is the authorization, and the city-limited version is the city authorization. The authorization is the script that can be used by stores with only one brand in a city, and the city authorization limit refers to the script that can be used by script stores with only three brands in a city.

Boxed copies are sold in unlimited quantities.

4. Commissioned creation

Operators, platforms, and investors of "role-play tabletop game" games can entrust others to create works, and agree that the principal will pay labor remuneration to the trustee, and the copyright of the work belongs to the principal.

The provisions on commissioned creation are stipulated in Article 19 [1] of the Copyright Law and Article 12 [2] of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Civil Disputes over Copyright. According to Article 19, the ownership of copyright is agreed upon by agreement, and if there is no contract, it belongs to the trustee.

Therefore, when commissioning someone else to create, a written contract should be signed, and the copyright ownership of the work should be clearly stipulated in the contract. If there is no explicit agreement or no written contract is signed, disputes will easily arise, and the rights of the client will be difficult to protect. For example, if the client needs to use the relevant script in the "role play tabletop game" store, he should prove that the purpose of commissioning the creation is to use it in the "role play tabletop game" store.

It can be seen that even if Article 12 stipulates that the client can use the work free of charge within the scope of the specific purpose of the commissioned creation, it is also a question whether the specific purpose of the commissioned creation can be proved in the event of a dispute.

Therefore, it is recommended that when operators, platforms, and investors of "role play tabletop game" entrust others to create a script, they sign a written commission creation contract with the author, and clearly stipulate that all copyrights except the authorship right of the script belong to the client. It is worth mentioning that for the copyright obtained through commissioned creation, the client is the original copyright owner of the work and enjoys the complete copyright of the commissioned work.

5. Job creation acquisition

Operators, platforms and investors of "role-play tabletop games" can hire writers to create scripts for them, and agree that the copyright of the created works belongs to them.

Article 18, paragraph 1, of the Copyright Law stipulates that works created by natural persons to complete the work tasks of legal persons or unincorporated organizations are works of duty. According to the provisions of Article 18, paragraph 2, item 3, legal persons or unincorporated organizations may agree through contracts that they shall enjoy the copyright of works of duty.

It is worth noting that the identification of a work for duty requires, first, the existence of a labor or employment relationship between the creator and the legal person, and second, the creation of the work must be based on the completion of the work task. "Work task" refers to the duties that a natural person should perform in the legal person or organization, and work within it.

If the accountant of a "role-play tabletop game" store uses his free time to create a script during his work based on personal hobbies, then this situation cannot be regarded as a job work because the creation is not a job task of the accountant's work.

[1] Article 19 For works created on commission, the ownership of copyright shall be agreed upon by the client and the trustee through a contract. If the contract does not expressly stipulate or a contract is not concluded, the copyright belongs to the trustee.

[2] Article 12: Where the copyright of a commissioned work belongs to the trustee according to Article 17 of the Copyright Law (Article 19 of the 2020 Copyright Law), the trustee shall enjoy the right to use the work within the agreed scope of use; if the two parties have not agreed on the scope of use of the work, the trustee may use the work free of charge within the scope of the specific purpose of the commissioned creation.

② Evidence of copyright ownership

The first paragraph of Article 12 of the Copyright Law stipulates that the natural person, legal person or unincorporated organization that signs the work is the author, and the corresponding rights exist in the work, unless there is proof to the contrary. Article 7, paragraph 1 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Civil Dispute Cases over Copyright stipulates that the manuscripts, originals, legal publications, copyright registration certificates, certificates issued by certification bodies, contracts for obtaining rights, etc. provided by the parties involved in copyright may be used as evidence.

1. Copyright registration certificate

Although the copyright registration certificate is not the decisive basis for determining that a work is original and protected. But if there is a work voluntary registration certificate, it can play the role of preliminary evidence. If the other party has no contrary evidence to overturn, it can be determined that one party enjoys copyright.

It can be seen that the voluntary registration of works still plays a great role and advantage in resolving copyright ownership disputes. Therefore, the author recommends that the copyright owner should, as far as possible, register the play with the registration agency recognized by the national copyright authority as a preliminary evidence of copyright.

2. Create a creative archive of works

As mentioned above, the manuscripts, originals, legal publications, copyright registration certificates, certificates issued by certification bodies, contracts for obtaining rights, etc. provided by the parties may be used as evidence to refute or prove copyright ownership.

In cases of copyright ownership disputes, manuscripts involving copyright and the time of completion are crucial to reviewing the ownership of works. Negligent collection and preservation of evidence of manuscripts involving copyright may create the risk of losing the lawsuit due to failure to prove copyright ownership. Therefore, if the copyright owner can establish a preventive mechanism and establish a work creation file, unnecessary disputes and troubles on copyright ownership can be avoided.

For self-created works, the evidence of manuscripts involving copyright mainly refers to the materials such as the project approval report, creative ideas, creative manuscripts, revision opinions, and the work getting the manuscript ready, as well as the time node of completion and evidence of public publication. For commissioned creations, official works, cooperative creations, etc., pay attention to collecting and preserving the contracts for obtaining rights.

Without a doubt, the more abundant the evidence, the more favorable the determination of the ownership of the work.

IV. The protection path of copyright in the "role playing tabletop game" industry

China's copyright protection system provides judicial and administrative protection to rights holders. Legal liabilities for copyright infringement mainly include civil liability, administrative liability, and criminal liability. Correspondingly, copyright can be protected through civil litigation, administrative complaint, and criminal litigation. If the situation is urgent, you can also apply for pre-litigation behavior preservation.

① Administrative protection

According to the administrative protection system, in the case of infringement that damages the public interest, the administrative organ will investigate the administrative responsibility of the infringer according to law after the right holder complains or the insider reports it, or the administrative organ files an investigation on its own. The administrative protection of copyright mainly refers to the relevant departments of the National Copyright Administration and local people's governments that enjoy the power of administrative law enforcement of copyright, and punish copyright violations within the scope of their legal powers [1].

For example, you can apply to the Shenzhen Market Supervision Administration (which is the copyright administrative department of Shenzhen) for filing and investigation of copyright violations. The National Copyright Administration can investigate and punish illegal acts that have significant impact across the country, as well as other illegal acts that it believes should be investigated and punished. If the copyright owner finds that infringing copies will be imported and exported from the Chinese Customs, he can request the Customs to take corresponding protective measures in accordance with the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights".

For the infringing acts stipulated in Article 53 of the Copyright Law of our country, the department in charge of copyright shall, according to the circumstances, respectively, order to stop the infringing act, give a warning, confiscate the illegal income, confiscate, harmlessly destroy and dispose of the infringing replica and the materials, tools, equipment and other penalties mainly used to make the infringing replica; if the illegal business amount is more than 50,000 yuan, a fine of more than one time but less than five times the illegal business amount may be imposed; if there is no illegal business amount, the illegal business amount is difficult to calculate or less than 50,000 yuan, a fine of less than 250,0

00yuan may be imposed concurrently.

Administrative complaints are efficient and deterrent, and copyright owners can use the law enforcement powers of administrative organs to protect their copyrights. Judging from the actual situation of infringement such as a wide range of infringement, a large number of infringing products, and strong concealment of offline operations in the "role play tabletop game" industry, it is obviously difficult to collect evidence. It is recommended that administrative complaints be preferred to protect rights.

Administrative complaints can also be obtained through administrative law enforcement investigation as evidence for filing civil compensation or criminal charges.

Wang Xiaobing, Enterprise Intellectual Property Management: Operational Practice and Legal Risk Prevention, China Legal Publishing House, 2019.7, Chapter 4.

② Judicial protection

According to the judicial protection system, after the right holder initiates a civil lawsuit, the judicial organ will investigate the civil liability of the infringer according to law; for the occurrence of copyright ownership disputes, infringement disputes and copyright licensing, transfer and other contract disputes, the right holder can file a civil lawsuit according to law. According to the provisions of Article 52 of the Copyright Law of our country, for the infringer, the law requires the actor to bear civil liabilities such as stopping the infringement, eliminating the impact, apologizing, and compensating for losses to the victim.

In cases where the infringement is suspected to constitute a crime, such as the crime of copyright infringement and the crime of selling infringing copies, the public prosecutor or the right holder initiates a criminal lawsuit, and the judicial organ will investigate the criminal responsibility of the infringer according to law. Article 217 of the Criminal Law of our country provides for the crime of copyright infringement. Anyone who infringes copyright or copyright-related rights for the purpose of making a profit shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or other serious circumstances, and shall also be fined or fined.

Article 218 is about the crime of selling infringing copies, that is, for the purpose of making profits, those who knowingly sell infringing copies as stipulated in Article 217 of this Law, and the amount of illegal income is huge or there are other serious circumstances, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years, and shall also be fined or fined.

③ Pre-litigation behavior preservation

Pre-litigation act preservation of intellectual property rights refers to a mandatory order issued by the court to prohibit the actor from performing certain acts or not performing certain acts in order to stop the ongoing or upcoming acts that infringe the intellectual property rights of the right holder or are at risk of infringement in a timely manner.

It is a temporary measure for remedies for intellectual property infringement and has the function of "timely rain" for rights protection [1]. Article 56 of the Copyright Law stipulates that if the copyright owner or the right holder related to the copyright has evidence to prove that others are committing or are about to commit acts that infringe their rights or hinder their realization of their rights, if not stopped in time, their legitimate rights and interests will be irreparably damaged, they may apply to the people's court for property preservation, ordering certain acts or prohibiting certain acts and other measures according to law before prosecuting.

For those who meet the conditions, they may apply to the people's court for pre-litigation act preservation in accordance with Article 56 of the Copyright Law and the relevant provisions of the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Examination of Intellectual Property Dispute Act Preservation Cases.

[1] Zhang Chunyang: An analysis of the preservation of intellectual property pre-litigation behavior.

conclusion

At present, because the industry is still in its infancy, there are still problems such as common piracy and high copyright transaction costs. When the cost of legalization is much higher than the cost of infringement, companies that are rational people in the market will not have the incentive to actively resolve infringement disputes. In order to protect the nascent industry of "role play tabletop game" from entering healthy development, it is necessary for every individual, head publisher, operator, etc. in the industry to strictly abide by relevant national laws and regulations, and have the courage to take social responsibility, protect the legitimate rights and interests of users, and work together to establish an effective self-discipline mechanism; it is also necessary for copyright law enforcement departments to strengthen copyright supervision of the "role play tabletop game" industry; it is even more necessary for government management departments to formulate scientific policies and legislative departments to improve and improve sound legal norms.

At the same time, it is also inseparable from relevant industry authoritative experts, scholars, legal workers, etc. to discuss the intellectual property protection methods involved in the industry. The significance of preventing intellectual property legal disputes in advance is far greater than the resolution of legal disputes after the fact. Based on the practical work involved and the preliminary results of the research on the "role play tabletop game" industry, this paper hopes to be beneficial to the relevant practitioners in the "role play tabletop game" industry.

Author, profile

Lawyer Wang Qionghua

, Partner Lawyer

Secretary General, Copyright Law Professional Committee of Shenzhen Law Association

Secretary General of Zhiheng Intellectual Property Center, Deputy Director of Copyright Law Professional Committee

Areas of expertise:

Intellectual property, corporate compliance, corporate counsel, civil and commercial dispute resolution

Publication representative:

"Long'an Lawyer's Interpretation of the Civil Code" Contract Editor, "Online Law Course", "Analysis of Typical Cases of People's Mediation in Futian District, Shenzhen"