知恒释疑 | 外国公文书到中国内地使用的公证认证要求（一）- 知恒律师事务所

作者 | 杨扬律师、邓佩芸

在涉外事务当中，外国主体在提供相关文件时，经常咨询“对于境外文件到中国内地使用需办理公证认证的相关法律法规”。为了方便理解，本系列文章将整理分享外国公文书公证认证相关法律法规，哪些文件需要公证认证，如何进行海牙认证及其附加证明书的办理。

In foreign-related affairs, foreign entities often consult with the relevant laws and regulations on notarization and certification required for the use of foreign documents in mainland China when providing relevant documents. For the ease of understanding, this series of articles will compile and share the relevant laws and regulations on notarization and certification of foreign public documents, including what documents require notarization and certification, how to obtain Hague certification and its apostilles.

中国领事服务网（http://cs.mfa.gov.cn/gyls/lscs/）对公证、认证的定义如下：

China Consular Service Website (http://cs.mfa.gov.cn/gyls/lscs/) defines notarization and certification as follows:

一

什么是公证？

答：公证是公证机构根据自然人、法人或者其他组织的申请，依照法定程序对民事法律行为、有法律意义的事实和文书的真实性、合法性予以证明的活动。

1. What is notarization?

Answer: Notarization is an act performed by a notary office, upon the application of a natural person, legal person or other organization, to certify the authenticity and legality of a civil juristic act, a fact or a document with legal significance according to legal procedures.

二

什么是领事认证？

答：依据《领事认证办法》第四条，领事认证是指领事认证机构根据自然人、法人或者其他组织的申请，对国内涉外公证书、其他证明文书或者国外有关文书上的最后一个印鉴、签名的真实性予以确认的活动。

2. What is consular certification?

Answer: According to Article 4 of the Measures for Consular Certification, consular certification refers to the confirmation by consular certification agencies, upon the application of natural persons, legal persons or other organizations, of the authenticity of the last seal or signature on foreign-related notarial certificates, other certification documents domestically issued domestically or relevant documents issued abroad.

哪些文件需要公证认证及相关法律法规？

#01

《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法（2023修正）》

第二百七十五条在中华人民共和国领域内没有住所的外国人、无国籍人、外国企业和组织委托中华人民共和国律师或者其他人代理诉讼，从中华人民共和国领域外寄交或者托交的授权委托书，应当经所在国公证机关证明，并经中华人民共和国驻该国使领馆认证，或者履行中华人民共和国与该所在国订立的有关条约中规定的证明手续后，才具有效力。

Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (Amended in 2023)

Article 275 Where a foreigner, stateless person or foreign enterprise or organisation without residence in the People's Republic of China entrusts a lawyer or any other person in the People’s Republic of China to participate in proceedings or mails or entrusts submission of the power of attorney from regions outside the People’s Republic of China, the power of attorney shall be effective upon notarisation by a notary organisation in that country and authentication by the embassy or consulate of the People’s Republic of China in that country, or performance of authentication formalities stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded between the People's Republic of China and the country.

#02

《最高人民法院关于适用<中华人民共和国民事诉讼法>的解释（2022修正）》

第五百二十一条外国人参加诉讼，应当向人民法院提交护照等用以证明自己身份的证件。

外国企业或者组织参加诉讼，向人民法院提交的身份证明文件，应当经所在国公证机关公证，并经中华人民共和国驻该国使领馆认证，或者履行中华人民共和国与该所在国订立的有关条约中规定的证明手续。

代表外国企业或者组织参加诉讼的人，应当向人民法院提交其有权作为代表人参加诉讼的证明，该证明应当经所在国公证机关公证，并经中华人民共和国驻该国使领馆认证，或者履行中华人民共和国与该所在国订立的有关条约中规定的证明手续。

本条所称的“所在国”，是指外国企业或者组织的设立登记地国，也可以是办理了营业登记手续的第三国。

Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on the Application of the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (Amended in 2022)

Article 521 A foreigner shall submit his/her passport and other credentials proving his/her identity to the people’s court to participate in a lawsuit.

Identity certificates submitted by a foreign enterprise or organization participating in a lawsuit shall be notarized by a notary organ in the country where the enterprise or organization is located and authenticated by the embassy or consulate of the People’s Republic of China in the country, or the enterprise or organization shall go through the identity certification formalities as stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded by and between the People's Republic of China and the country.

The person participating in a lawsuit on behalf of a foreign enterprise or organization shall submit proof evidencing that he/she has the right to serve as the representative of the foreign enterprise or organization to participate in the lawsuit, and such proof shall be notarized by a notary organ in the country where the foreign enterprise or organization is located and authenticated by the embassy or consulate of the People’s Republic of China in the country, or the person shall go through the identity certification formalities as stipulated in the relevant treaty concluded by and between the People’s Republic of China and the country.

The “country where a foreign enterprise or organization is located” as mentioned herein refers to the country where the foreign enterprise or organization is registered for its establishment, or a third country where the business registration formalities are completed.

敬请期待我们在“外国公文书到中国内地使用的公证认证要求（二）”中的深入探索，届时我们将精心整理并分享外国主体在中国内地提起诉讼、设立公司等需要公证认证的文件，为您的知识库添砖加瓦。关注我们，不错过每一份价值满满的涉外法律资讯。

Please look forward to our in-depth exploration in “Notarization and Certification Requirements for Foreign Public Documents to be Used in Mainland China (Part II)”. We will carefully organize and share documents that require notarization and certification for foreign entities filing lawsuits, establishing companies and etc in mainland China, adding bricks and tiles to your knowledge base. Follow us and don’t miss out on every valuable piece of information concerning foreign legal affairs.

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